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type I alveolar cells, which is mediated by HIF-1a-induced proliferation and differentiation of type II alveolar cells. This process depends on activation of the beta-catenin pathway—an essential pathway for epithelial regeneration77,78...

voicing interdental fricatives deletion → interdental fricatives deletion: /θ,ð/ undergo the elision process before the alveolar fricative /s,z/ 두 개의 현상이 함께 일어나는 예시로 제시된 clothes [kloz], months [mʌns] 두 단어에 다른...

Open wound of buccal mucosa즐겨찾기 볼(내부의)Cheek (internal) S01.52잇몸(치조돌기)의 열린상처Open wound of gum (alveolar process)즐겨찾기 S01.53혀와 입바닥의 열린상처Open wound of tongue and floor of mouth즐겨찾기 S01.54구개의 열린상처...

cells, alveolar macrophage, and adaptive immune cells IFN-α, IFN-β, TNF, IL-1β, IL-18, IL-6, IL-17 The excessive production of pro-inflammatory cytokines leads to positive pro-inflammatory reactions and insufficient control of anti...

The process of tumor cell spread from the primary site into other normal tissue, referred to as metastasis, occurs in invasive cancer via movement through the bloodstream. The surrounding tissue border and the vessel walls have to split...

mediated process, leading to diaphragmatic dysfunction and respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation in up to 30% of cases [29]. Infectious causes (e.g. Lyme disease or Varicella-zoster virus infection) can, in severe cases...

teeth, alveolar bone resorption and tooth loss[97]. The recent Global Burden of Disease Study (1990-2010) indicates that severe periodontitis is the 6th most prevalent disease worldwide, with an overall prevalence of 11.2%, although mild...

acetogenesis process.48 Bacteria metabolize sugars to produce C3 through several different pathways, including the succinate, acrylate, and propanediol pathways.49 The succinate pathway is the preferred pathway for Bacteroidetes and some...

of the fate of nanoparticles in pulmonary alveoli is not complete. To this end, we mimic this process in vitro by exposing a monolayer of alveolar epithelial cells to a mixture of clinical surfactant substitute and nanoparticles. Our...