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connection between the innate immune signal and the initiation of the adaptive immune response. Some unique and conserved components of pathogenic microorganisms can induce the second signal required to activate T cells, so as to control...

of anthocyanins in Arabidopsis (b) and apple (c) share significant regulatory mechanisms that are conferred by conserved transcription factors; however, additional characterized regulatory factors are only found in apples. In Arabidopsis...

and regulation (ADCK3, Aprataxin, Anoctamin 10) have often been linked to ARCA (6). CoQ10 biosynthesis is a highly conserved mechanism among the species and requires the synergic work of several enzymes. Deficiency of biosynthetic...

from Bornstein and colleagues’ murine dataset, Park and colleagues were able to discover the presence of conserved subsets of TECs across species, including PSMB11-positive cortical TEC (cTEC), KRT14-positive mTECI, AIRE-positive mTECII...

tract metagenomics When looking at a large number of subjects, only a small number of species were highly conserved. In a cohort of 124 subjects, only 57 species were seen in 90% of them, whereas only 18 species were present in nearly...

version of this article is available at Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol Abstract Actomyosin-mediated contractility is a highly conserved mechanism for generating mechanical stress in animal cells and underlies muscle contraction, cell migration...

the role of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) in bone regeneration following injury. We first introduce the conserved role of nerves in tissue regeneration in species ranging from amphibians to mammals. We then present the distribution...

#1 첫번째 문제의 답이 지문의 “If helpers gained no benefit from their actions, selection would favor individuals who conserved their resources.” 서 끌어외사 “mutual benenfit을 통해 자신의 것만 보존하려는 것을 막는다“라는 게 도출되는...

and joint across multiple species is warranted to better understand whether patterns of innervation of bone is conserved. In addition to these populations of nociceptors, some recent studies have implicated low threshold mechanoreceptors...