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She remained well until the age of 62 when she was diagnosed with CD on duodenal biopsy, following episodes of diarrhoea. Two years later, she presented with distal sensory symptoms and unsteadiness of gait. Neurophysiology was...

fainting, syncope, dizziness, pain in the posterior oral cavity, the face, the neck, the head, obstipation, or diarrhoea. Affection of the 11th cranial nerve may lead to weakness of head rotation, head anteflexion, or shoulder elevation...

and presumed risk factors for developing functional dyspepsia are gastrointestinal infections and traveller’s diarrhoea25, antibiotic use26, intake of NSAIDs27 , childhood abuse28, early environmental microbial exposure29 and other...

of IBS. Furthermore, altered small intestinal barrier functions have been demonstrated in IBS patients with the diarrhoea-predominant subtype. Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth and increased populations of small intestinal mast cells...