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항산화 효과, 치료와 병행 시 산화 스트레스 증폭 가능 간단 경로 요약: KD → ↓Glucose/Insulin + ↑Fatty acid oxidation → ↑AMPK + ↓mTORC1 → ULK1 활성화 → Phagophore nucleation (Beclin-1–VPS34) → Autophagosome 형성 (LC3 lipidation...

and Palatability: The acidic environment produced during fermentation acts as a natural preservative, preventing lipid oxidation and extending the shelf life of the supplements. It also yields improved flavors and odors, which increases...

removes peroxide; in egg whites, it eliminates glucose; and in baking and food packaging, it helps prevent oxidation and reduces perishability. Its application in cheese production is limited [51]. 4.3.5. Cellulases and Xylanases...

polarization, and cell polarization can affect the use of bioenergetic pathways (Fig. 2). For example, fatty acid oxidation of oleic acid can induce M2 polarization (49), and using IL-4 for M2 polarization drives OX PHOS (50). Fig. 2. AT...