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the breakdown of natural products1,2,3. As the largest organ of the human body, skin is colonized by beneficial microorganisms and serves as a physical barrier to prevent the invasion of pathogens. In circumstances where the barrier is...

the breakdown of the extracellular matrix that allows cancer to spread. The subsequent discovery of receptors on cell surfaces that are activated by proteases has stimulated further interest in the role of proteases in cancer—and in the...

mesenchymal stromal cells; OA, osteoarthritis; OP, osteoporosis. Joint trauma has become particularly important over the past few decades. The combination of widespread sports and recreational activities in people of all ages and the...

therapeutics that can accelerate recovery from BBB breakdown. Another promising therapeutic approach being tested in...is based on a multipotent non-hematopoetic cell population: mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). MSCs have been proposed...

catabolic breakdown of BCAA produces acetyl-CoA (from leucine) and succinyl-CoA (from valine and isoleucine) that enter the TCA cycle [132, 133]. BCKDC is a multi-component enzyme consisting of three subunits (E1, E2, and E3) and is...

gastrointestinal stromal tumor, respectively [166]. Curcumin has demonstrated an anti-angiogenic effect in vivo in xenograft models of various tumors including glioblastoma, hepatocelluar carcinoma, prostate and ovarian carcinomas...

the breakdown of indigestible complex polysaccharides and are vital to the production of certain nutritional components such as vitamin K. The gut microbiome’s influence on the host immune system is vast, and the relationship is...

glycolytic breakdown of glucose as a preferential substrate is transported to the mitochondrial matrix where it is converted to acetyl-CoA by the pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex. This step commits pyruvate to complete oxidation in...

deep stromal hemorrhage observed 26.Hyperemia-Bulbar description -Engorgement of conjunctival blood vessels in association with acute anterior eye reaction -Occurs with anterior uveal reaction, marked corneal inflammation or gross...