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neurons; the adrenal medulla develops in tandem with the sympathetic nervous system and acts as a modified sympathetic ganglion. Within this endocrine gland, pre-ganglionic neurons synapse with chromaffin cells, triggering the release of...

inferior ganglion, and then pass the jugular foramen to ascend to the tractus solitarius and synapse with the nucleus solitarius.[1,2] Hiccups are due to a brief contraction of the inspiratory muscles plus a glottis adduction of the...

with decreased vagal tone, rather than increased sympathetic tone142. The reduced antinociceptive role of the vagus...with corticosterone-induced increased excitability of dorsal root ganglion neurons, as observed in rats159, could be...

the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS) (Fig. S1). Sensory nerves extend from their cell bodies in the dorsal root ganglia (DRGs) of the spinal cord, and cranial bone is innervated by sensory...

that sympathetic nerves do not have an important role in physiological regulation of gastric motility, while the vagus nerves exert both inhibitory and excitatory effects on the stomach via the gastric inhibitory vagal motor circuit...

a neural marker of nerve damage, in cell bodies within the dorsal root ganglion innervating the bone or joint [71–73, 69]. Pathological changes to sensory and sympathetic nerve fibers within the bone and joint have been demonstrated...

G: Ganglion cell; AX: Axons. Adapted from Hartmann and Schmid [43]. Image licensed under GFDL by the author. https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Datei:Retina.jpg (accessed on 19 June 2023). Some authors have attempted to correlate retinal...

bipolar, ganglion and amacrine cells of the retina, with different subunit expressions [44]. As with GABA, Glycine acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter in early development, and may thus play a role in neuronal differentiation...

the second, third and fourth segment. Three pairs of nerves extend from each segmental ganglion to supply various structures of the segment. The sympathetic nervous system consists of nerve plexuses in the epidermis and alimentary canal...