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endogenous ketone body production, have shown potential renal protective effects [81,82]. However, the long-term safety of ketogenic diets in patients with CKD requires further investigation, partly due to the potential of high-fat diets...

hydrocarbon atoms. β-OHB is a ketone body, but is technically not a ketone since one of its hydrocarbon atoms is...18]. While the majority of acetone is secreted through urine and lost via expiration, AcAc and β-OHB are transported in...

infant urine and feces, though they decrease in concentration to below detectable level in adults [12, 13]. Due to their predominance in mice and rats, MCAs are important in gastrointestinal research using animal models [14]. 담즙산...

in urine with neither reduction in bone mineral density nor urolithiasis, calling for further studies. Knight et al.18 also reported no association of high protein intake with change in GFR in their prospective Nurses’ Health Study...